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Scientific Foundations
Authors: Robert L. Schalock, Ph.D. (former President, AAMR)
and Kenneth D. Keith, Ph.D. (University of San Diego). The QOL.Q is a
40-item rating scale designed to measure the overall quality of life
of a person with mental retardation. For individuals with sufficient
language skills, the instrument is administered in an interview
format. For people who lack the necessary language skills, the
instrument is completed by two raters who know the individual well
and who are familiar with the individual's current activities and
living environment.
This is an established instrument used throughout the nation
and adopted on a statewide basis in a number of places. The
instrument is based on a four component model. Separate scales assess
overall Satisfaction, Competence/Productivity, Empowerment/
Independence, and Social Belonging/ Community Integration.
The results of the QOL.Q may be used for any of a variety of
purposes. This instrument is well suited for person-centered
planning, quality-oriented service provision, and feedback to
habilitation personnel. The results can provide standardized consumer
outcomes measures for consumer empowerment, perceived independence,
social belonging, community integration, and consumer satisfaction.
The QOL.Q may be used as part of an evaluation of a service program
or agency. The QOL.Q may be used as a criterion or dependent measure
in research studies.
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References
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Measurement characteristics of the Quality of Life Index when used
with adults who have severe mental retardation. American Journal on
Mental Retardation, 100 (5), 546-550.
Campo, S. F., Sharpton, W. R., Thompson, B., & Sexton, D. (1997).
Correlates of the quality of life of adults with severe or profound
mental retardation. Mental Retardation, 35 (5), 329-337.
Harner, C. J., & Heal, L. W. (1993). The Multifaceted Lifestyle
Satisfaction Scale (MLSS): Psychometric properties of an interview
schedule for assessing personal satisfaction of adults with limited
intelligence. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 14, 221-236.
Kober, R., & Eggleton, I.R. C. (2002). Factor stability of the
Schalock and Keith (1993) Quality of Life Questionnaire. Mental
Retardation, 40 (2), 157-165.
Otrebski, W. (2000). Quality of life of people with mental
retardation living in two different environments. In K. D. Keith and
R. L. Schalock (Eds.), Cross-cultural perspectives on quality of life
(pp. 83-92). Washington, DC: American Association on Mental Retardation.
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disabilities: Description of a new model, measuring instruments, and
initial findings. International Journal of Disability, Development,
and Education, 43 (1), 25-42.
Rapley, M.,& Beyer, S. (1996). Daily activity, community
participation and quality of life in an ordinary housing network.
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Rapley, M., & Beyer, S. (1997). Daily activity, community
participation and quality of life in an ordinary housing network: A
two-year follow-up. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual
Disabilities, 10 (4), 159-174.
Rapley, M., & Hopgood, L. (1997). Quality of life in a
community-based service in rural Australia. Journal of Intellectual
and Developmental Disability, 22 (2), 125-141.
Rapley, M.,& Lobley, J. (1995). Factor analysis of the Schalock
& Keith (1993) Quality of Life Questionnaire: A replication.
Mental Handicap Research, 8 (3), 194-202.
Rapley, M., Ridgway, J., & Beyer, S. (1997). Staff:staff and
staff:client reliability of the Schalock & Keith (1993) Quality
of Life Questionnaire. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,
42 (part 1), 37-42.
Reiter, S. & Bendov, D. (1996). The self concept and quality of
life of two groups of learning disabled adults living at home and in
group homes. The British Journal of Developmental Disabilities XLII,
Part 2 (83, July), 97-111.
Schalock, R. L., & Keith, K.D. (1993). Quality of Life
Questionnaire Manual.
Worthington, OH: IDS Publishing Company.
Stancliffe, R.J. (1999). Proxy respondents and the reliability of the
Quality of Life Questionnaire empowerment factor. Journal of
Intellectual Disability Research, 43 (part 3), 185-193. |