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The Reiss Motivation Profile (RMP) – Disabilities Versions are
standardized rating scales that assess what motivates the behavior of
any individual over the life span, or what some call
“psychological needs.” When you know a person’s
life motives, you have an understanding of the “whole person.”
The Reiss Profile focuses holistically on the person rather than
prioritizing specific maladaptive behaviors. Compared to other
instruments, the RMP generally provides a more comprehensive
assessment of an individual’s motives. The RMP has been
used in research and in practical settings to inform caregivers and
coaches of the basic likes and dislikes of an individual and to
assist in treatment planning.
The RMP is used in crisis intervention and in person-centered
planning. The instrument also is helpful in identifying likely
reinforcements, assessing housemate relationships, and for evaluating
the role of abnormal motives in psychopathology.
Crisis Intervention
You may prevent some behavioral outbursts of challenging behavior by
reducing irritability, frustration, and stress. This may be
accomplished by ensuring that caregivers provide an individual
inclined toward challenging behavior with what he or she wants.
The results of the RMP have specific implications for managing
challenging behavior on an individual-by-individual basis.
Crises usually require quick action, moreover, and this instrument
can quickly inform clinicians how to satisfy the individual’s needs.
Person-Centered Planning
The results of the RMP suggest many details of an individual’s
preferred lifestyle including the range of lifestyles likely to
support happiness. People are happy, for example, when their
“needs” or wants are met and their experiences are
meaningful to them.
The RMP removes a significant limitation on PCP, namely, the
possibility that facilitators will mistake their needs and values for
those of the individual consumer. Motivational theory implies
that human beings are naturally motivated to assert their values,
which implies substantial potential for bias in PCP based on the use
of subjective methods alone. The RMP provides an objective
assessment of what an individual wants that reduces bias in the
assessment of preferred lifestyles.
All human relationships can be analyzed in terms of compatible versus
incompatible values. Based on this principle, the RMP is used
to match roommates in residential programs.
Abnormal Motives
The RMP can be used to assess abnormal motives including proclivities
toward anxiety, anger, social isolation, compulsive behaviors, low
self-esteem, and excessive wants. This information may
supplement psychiatric diagnosis.
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References
Reiss S. (in preparation). Motives, Needs, and
Intellectual Disabilities: Applications for Crisis Intervention and Person-Centered
Planning.
Reiss, S. (2008). The Normal Personality: A New Way of
Thinking about People. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Wiltz, J., & Kalnins, T. L. (2008). Aggression,
scalability, and roommate friendship: New findings translated into a
resource for self-determined choices. Journal of Policy and
Practice and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 5, 159-166.
Reiss, S. (2005). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation at
30: Unresolved scientific issues. Behavior Analyst, 28, 1-14.
Reiss, S., & Havercamp, S. M. (2005). Motivation in
Development Context: A new method of studying self-actualization.
Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 45, 41-53.
Reiss, S. (2004). Multifaceted nature of intrinsic
motivation: The theory of 16 basic desires. Review of General
Psychology, 8, 179-193.
Reiss, S., & Reiss, M. (2004) Curiosity and mental
retardation: Beyond IQ. Mental Retardation, 42, 77-81.
Havercamp, S. M., & Reiss, S. (2003). A comprehensive
assessment of human strivings: Test-retest reliability and validity
of the Reiss Profile. Journal of Personality Assessment, 81, 123-132.
Wiltz, J., & Reiss, S. (2003). Compatibility of housemates
with mental retardation. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 108, 173-180.
Lecavalier, L., & Tasse, M. J. (2003). Temporal stability and
accuracy of motivational profiles. American Journal of Mental
Retardation, 108, 194-201.
Lecavalier, L., & Tasse, M. J. (2002). Sensitivity theory of
motivation and psychopathology: An exploratory study. American
Journal on Mental Retardation, 107, 105-115.
Reiss, S. (2000). Who Am I? The 16 Basic Desires That
Motivate Our Actions and Define Our Personalities. New York:
Tarcher/Putnum. 288 pp. ISBN: 1-58542-045-X.
(Translated into Swedish, Chinese, Japanese, Dutch, and Spanish.)
Dykkens, E.M., & Rosner, B.A. (1999). Redefining behavioral
phenotypes: Personality-motivation in Williams and Prader-Willi
Syndromes. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 104, 158-169.
Reiss, S. (1994). Handbook of Challenging Behavior:
Mental Health Aspects of Mental Retardation. Worthington, OH: IDS
Publishing Corporation, 301 pp. |
